Integrating Generative AI in Healthcare Organisations: Opportunities, Challenges, and Deployment Strategies (Preprint)

Abstract

<sec> <title>UNSTRUCTURED</title> The recent advent of large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, has revolutionised the world of AI and brought the vast potential of generative AI to the fore of many sectors, including healthcare. In this commentary, we discuss opportunities, challenges and strategies of tapping into generative AI, such as the case of enterprise-level LLMs for health system development. Notably, we identified patient outcomes improvement, better patient engagement, healthcare delivery enhancement, healthcare costs reduction and facilitation of research and education in healthcare as some of the opportunities that healthcare organisations could reap from the adoption of generative AI. We also analysed the challenges that healthcare organisations should understand and consider when adopting generative AI, namely, clinical safety, bias and discrimination, transparency and interpretability, data privacy, integration with existing health systems and impacts to the incumbent healthcare workforce. We proposed four different strategies that healthcare organisations could adopt in institutionalizing generative AI. These include adopting a sandbox approach, investing in infrastructure and human capital, building accountability mechanisms in data curation and capacity building for the incumbent healthcare workforce. </sec>

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