A national survey on navigating new era in healthcare services in hospitals through artificial intelligence: Awareness and attitudinal trends among nurses

Abstract

Objective: This nationwide study aimed to assess the attitudes and awareness of artificial intelligence (AI) among nurses in Palestine to develop targeted strategies to support nurses in adapting to AI innovations while ensuring high-quality, patient-centered care. Methods: nurses working in nontarget hospitals, non-nursing health professionals, and nurses not actively on hospital duty. Data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire comprising: (a) sociodemographics and work characteristics; (b) attitudes toward AI measured by the General Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence Scale (validated; present sample reliability: attitude α = 0.75); and (c) AI awareness (7 dichotomous items; previously validated; present study α = 0.77). Results: The findings showed that slightly more than half of the participants had adopted some form of AI technology (55.5%), with ChatGPT being the most widely used. Despite over half using AI tools, a majority reported limited awareness, underscoring a knowledge gap. Most nurses viewed AI positively, though a substantial portion remained skeptical, reflecting both openness to and hesitation toward its adoption in the profession. Conclusion: There is a need for targeted policies and education to enhance AI awareness and acceptance among nurses. The nursing education curriculum needs to be supplemented with courses on AI using case scenarios and incorporate simulation-based training. There should be increased funding for continuing education programs, and the organizational culture needs to be made supportive of these changes. Policies and education of AI, should emphasize ethical use, patient privacy, and accountability to build trust and reduce fear of AI replacing nurses.

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