GenAI and Ethics

Abstract

The recent demand for humanising computer responses to our daily life problems influences the innovation of large language models (LLMs). LLMs are artificial intelligence (AI) models proficiently trained on extensive datasets, utilising neural networks and machine learning algorithms. By leveraging natural language processing (NLP) techniques, LLMs empower computers to mimic human behaviour and produce effective responses. Diverse datasets, including news articles, books, and social media posts, have been used to train LLMs, which allow them to grasp patterns and relationships within the language to generate appropriate responses. LLMs have gone through substantive milestones stretching from Generative Pre-trained (GPT)-1 through the latest ChatGPT-4, launched recently by OpenAI. Since ChatGPT’s emergence, it has garnered significant attention due to its advanced capabilities in multimodality, information comprehension, logical reasoning, contextual dialogue, and creative content generation, to mention but a few. Despite these advancements, ethical, governance, and regulatory concerns have been raised, encompassing discrimination, hallucination, data security, toxicity, interpretability, fairness, transparency, GDPR violations, and accountability. This research aims to critically analyse and reflect on the legal, social, and ethical concerns/challenges associated with the design and adoption of ChatGPT.Hence, this research examines various ChatGPT applications, ethical risks, and proposed frameworks or policies. Furthermore, it evaluates ChatGPT’s performance and discusses the responsible design and implementation of LLMs and highlights risks associated with ChatGPT using ethical theories. Finally, it presents guidelines for developing an ethical framework for the use of GenAI in education.

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