Responsible and Equitable Implementation of Artificial Intelligence for Students with Disabilities: A Research Agenda

Abstract

This paper presents a systematic review of recent international research examining the real-world integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in special education. By analysing over eighty studies, the review identifies how AI applications enhance personalized learning and compares emerging AI-driven assistive technologies with traditional methods. Findings demonstrate that adaptive AI platforms substantially improve student outcomes in academic performance, engagement, and accessibility, while simultaneously reducing teacher workload through automation and data-informed insights. However, persistent challenges remain regarding ethical implications, data privacy, algorithmic bias, and equitable access to technology. The review emphasizes the importance of transparent implementation strategies and continuous professional development for educators to ensure responsible adoption. Ultimately, the study concludes that AI holds transformative potential for creating inclusive, equitable, and personalized learning environments—provided its integration is guided by ethical awareness and sustained human oversight. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Special Education, Personalized Learning, Accessibility, Ethics.

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