Early Adopters of AI and Gender Disparities in Health Outcomes

Abstract

While artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve healthcare delivery and outcomes for all individuals, including women, there are several areas where gender disparities persist, and AI may be involved in mitigating or exacerbating them. Amid the ever-increasing pervasiveness of AI in the health sector, it is imperative to examine how AI intersects with gender disparities in health outcomes globally, especially in the early adopter countries. Gender disparities in health outcomes are a crucial concern that gets manifested in differences in health status, access to healthcare, and health-related experiences between men and women. Gender disparities in health outcomes highlight unequal distributions of health resources, opportunities, and risks based on gender. This study looked at how investments in healthcare that uses AI affect the health outcomes of women in early adopter countries (the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, France, Germany, China, Japan, and Israel) between 2014 and 2023. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess the cumulative effect of AI investments on health outcomes of women. The study found that the F-value (4.139) is low and not statistically significant (p = 0.376), highlighting the fact that even in early adopter countries, investments in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare AI do not have a statistically substantial bearing on the overall health outcomes for women, making gender disparity in the countries. These findings show that in order to guarantee quantifiable and significant gains in health outcomes, AI investments in healthcare must take a more focused and evidence-based approach.

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