Artificial Intelligence and Primary Care in Low-Resource Areas: Aspiration or Reality

Abstract

This chapter analyzes the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve the coverage and quality of primary healthcare in resource-limited communities such as Mexico and India, where shortages of medical personnel, supplies, and technology hinder service delivery. Specific tools such as Merative (formerly IBM Watson), Ada Health, Babylon Health, and Buoy Health are discussed, outlining both the progress achieved and the technical, ethical, and regulatory challenges these tools face. The risk of algorithmic bias, the need for human oversight, and the importance of diverse local data to ensure reliable diagnoses are highlighted. The discussion also addresses associated ethical dilemmas, including legal liability for potential errors, the protection of sensitive data, and the preservation of patient autonomy and trust. Furthermore, the importance of maintaining the human element in care is emphasized, as empathy and the doctor-patient relationship remain essential aspects of healthcare, especially in marginalized areas. It is concluded that AI, when applied transparently and responsibly, can be an ally in closing healthcare gaps and ensuring more equitable health services, provided that safety protocols are implemented and ethical criteria are adopted from design to execution. In this regard, the authors believe that taking controlled risks could be preferable to leaving populations lacking basic health services without care, as long as the quality of care and human dignity are safeguarded.

Ähnliche Arbeiten