What and how should cardiologists learn in the era of artificial intelligence? Opinion on a problem

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) in cardiology today is not so much a tool as a system capable of outperforming humans in data analysis, diagnostics, medical recommendations, and even in completing exam assignments. This raises the question of how future doctors should be trained, given that much of the current medical knowledge and skills can already be performed by machines? It has become evident that there is a need to rethink the very foundations of cardiology education using innovative educational technologies. This review is dedicated to these issues. Literature data suggest that it is necessary to shift the emphasis from rote memorization of facts to fostering critical clinical thinking, teaching logical thinking techniques, the capacity to make decisions in conditions of uncertainty, and the ability to collaborate with technology while maintaining human qualities such as empathy and spirituality. The review analyzes the changing role of AI in education and its impact on teaching and testing knowledge. It also considers the task of countering various negative effects of AI. The authors believe that within the ongoing digitalization the ability to empathize with and take into account the cultural and religious background of patients will remain the areas where the doctor is indispensable. Due to the obvious emergence of new competencies in the cardiologist, a paradigm shift in medical education is necessary in the near future.

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