Emerging Trends of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Medicine: An Umbrella Review

Abstract

Objective: The current study aims to collect and perform an umbrella review including articles discussing AI’s significant impact on the healthcare field, encompassing progress in diagnostics, treatment, ethical considerations, and practical implementations. Material and Methods: An extensive search was performed on four key online databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. The exploration extended up to Jan/03/2024. Inclusion criteria required articles to be systematic reviews, peer-reviewed, and focused on emerging trends of AI in healthcare and medicine. Studies were excluded if they involved non-human subjects, lacked essential data, were duplicates, or were categorized as narrative or umbrella reviews. Results: The application of AI in healthcare has shown significant clinical benefits, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. AI technologies have been essential in genomic sequencing and the development of vaccines and therapeutics. AI supports efficient resource allocation through predictive models forecasting disease spread and healthcare demand. It optimizes clinical workflows, enhances the precision of prognostic tools, and enables contactless care, reducing the risk of healthcare workers’ occupational exposure. Conclusion: AI in healthcare, offering significant opportunities to enhance diagnostic accuracy, resource allocation, and personalized care, while also data privacy concerns, validation issues, and resistance to adoption.

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